On June 12, as the AI and rocketship company SpaceX joined the public stock exchange, founder Elon Musk became a trillionaire–just three weeks after 8,000 layoffs at the AI company Meta, on top of job cuts for more than 100,000 other tech workers this year (Layoffs.fyi, 6/13). Here is the essence of capitalism: Obscene wealth for the very few feeds on theft from the many, while racism and sexism keep the international working class divided. The AI industry is generating mass unemployment, environmental catastrophes, and super-exploitation of Black workers in Africa who mine the minerals that AI chips require. It’s all part of the deepening crisis of capitalism, which the bosses can resolve only with fascism and world war.
A wave of protests against AI data centers shows that workers aren’t fooled by the rhetoric of parasites like Musk, Meta’s Mark Zuckerberg and OpenAI’s Sam Altman. This righteous anger is the raw material for mass fightback and resistance against the entire capitalist system. It contains the seeds of a communist world that will put AI, and all technologies, in the hands of the working class.
Rare earths chokepoint suffocates workers
The AI boom has made the competition for rare earth minerals a battlefront in the imperialist rivalry between U.S. and Chinese bosses. Cobalt and other minerals are essential for producing the computer chips that power AI applications. Currently, China refines 90 percent of the world’s rare earths (Foreign Affairs, June) and dominates the market in Democratic Republic of Congo, where miners suffer brutal racist conditions and environmental destruction.
As a counterpunch to Trump’s 2025 tariffs, the Chinese bosses imposed stringent controls on rare earths. Within weeks, U.S. supply chains buckled, with Ford (CBS News, 6/25) and the weapons manufacturer Raytheon (Foreign Affairs, May/June) facing rare earth shortages. Conflicts over the AI future are also intensifying the inter-imperialist fight over Taiwan, where Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) controls 72 percent of global computer chip production and an even higher share of the advanced chips needed for AI applications. Control over Taiwan and the strategically vital Taiwan Strait remains a flashpoint between the liberal finance capital Big Fascist bosses of the U.S. and the Chinese state capitalists. The contest could erupt into world war at any time, with millions of workers’ lives on the line.
Fascism rears its head
The rise of AI is accelerating both the global capitalist crisis and the rise of fascism. Economic booms and busts are fundamental to the profit system. As the bosses’ intensify their exploitation through layoffs and wage cuts, workers can consume less and less of the products we create.
This leads to periodic crises of overproduction–and all workers, especially Black and Latin and women workers, pay the price. The bosses’ feverish investment into AI infrastructure–JPMorganChase projects $5 trillion in AI spending by 2030–is reminiscent of the “dot-com” crash of the late 1990s and the Great Recession in 2008-2009, where rampant speculation led to economic devastation for the global working class.
Meanwhile, the capitalist rulers use AI tools to intimidate and control an increasingly desperate and angry working class. Flock AI makes cameras that track license plates and recognize faces, with data sent directly to police departments around the country. Palantir, an AI company specializing in surveillance, contracts with ICE and with the U.S., Dutch, and Spanish militaries. The openly fascist Israeli military uses AI-powered drones to target and murder workers in Palestine and Lebanon (Haaretz, 6/5).
The bosses also use AI to strip away the most powerful weapon in the world: workers’ class consciousness. AI promotes social isolation and inundates workers with racist and sexist algorithms–it can stifle our critical, materialist understanding of reality itself. In this period of repression and growing fascism, workers and youth are encouraged to turn to a “thinking” machine for support instead of to one another. Tragically, one teenager committed suicide with the “support” of ChatGPT. As the crisis of capitalism continues to worsen, more people will be forced to use AI in place of human education and healthcare. In short, outsourcing thinking leaves workers more vulnerable to fascist ideas.
Communist AI will reflect the collective intelligence of workers
As graduating students greeted tech CEO speakers with boos, as workers trash Flock AI cameras, as communities wage pitched battles against AI data centers, we can see that the working class understands how capitalist technology is being turned against us. This militant class consciousness needs to be organized by Progressive Labor Party, a communist party with a long-term plan for leading the international working class to revolution.
Artificial intelligence is a tool that now pumps out absurd profits for the bosses while impoverishing workers and promoting racism, fascism, and imperialist war. But like any tool, its impact is defined by who controls it–and for what purpose. Under communism, workers will decide which uses of AI can benefit our class, within the limits of available resources, and which should be rejected. The deciding factor will not be profit, which we’ll abolish, but the potential for serving the needs of our class. Once workers embrace our own power and ability, we’ll use our collective working-class intelligence to accumulate knowledge and run society for all time.
Newark, NJ May 30– “Inside labor strikes, outside labor strikes, WORLDWIDE labor strikes; strike, strike, strike!” rang from Progressive Labor Party (PLP) bullhorns as over a hundred workers chanted and protested to support the 300 striking workers inside of the racist Delaney Hall ICE Concentration Camp. Their bravery in the face of fascist terror has inspired thousands from New York and New Jersey to stand outside and support the protestors. PLP has been out there with workers supporting the strikers and their families while struggling with workers to see the need for a revolutionary international communist revolution to smash the ICE camps and all prisons around the world.
Migrant workers lead the way
From 2021-2025, workers protested and submitted petitions to former U.S. President Biden to stop for-profit prison corporations like Delaney Hall owners, GEO Group and CoreCivic. Biden agreed to phase out private prison contracts with the Department of Justice yet sided with CoreCivic and GEO when they sued the state of New Jersey for upholding the ban. While Democrats play both sides and gutter racists like Trump hurl anti-immigrant attacks, detainees and their families continue to protest racist abductions, poor medical care, filthy conditions, rotten food, and inhumane treatment by prison guards. Workers inside have reported rotten, worm-riddled food and are left vulnerable to illness. One woman inside the camp had a miscarriage and was only given a warm towel to relieve the pain. This is the disgusting racist and sexist environment our class siblings must endure.
Sparked by increasingly oppressive and deadly conditions, workers inside, representing the multiracial and international working class turned to collective action: launching a hunger and labor strike. They recognized their power under capitalism – the power to withhold our labor and keep the bosses from profiting. This is the leadership our class is looking for. Their bravery in the face of fascist terror has inspired masses of workers from across New Jersey and around the world to pour in to defend the workers vs. the state.
Fascist blows mean workers’ fight grows
As the crowds of supporters grew and news of the strike spread, bosses responded. GEO bosses moved one of the Latin strikers to another center because his pregnant wife was mobilizing large numbers of working class fighters. Days after, the clashes between the working class vs. ICE and the state escalated. As the amount of workers willing to militantly protest and reset the barricades swelled up in numbers, so did the militarized terror of ICE using batons, rubber bullets and military vehicles. Regardless, the steadfastness of the hunger and labor strikers inside Delaney gave those on the outside the determination to cede nothing to the fascist onslaught.
This strong show of working-class unity led Trump’s fascist MAGA base to corral. PLP understood our role as a fighting party and committed to fire up workers against the MAGA racists, ICE, and the police. PL’ers and friends came in with nearly twenty workers and took political leadership of the rally. We led chants and made speeches linking the attack against Black and Brown migrant workers with the struggle against racist profiling of Black workers in Newark and the slave wages they receive in the Essex County Correctional Facility, just 500 feet away. Based on a January 2025 NJ.gov report, 61% of incarcerated workers in the nearby prison are Black men and women.
Black, Latin, Brown, and white PL’ers were the primary speakers and leaders amongst a hundred antiracist workers at the far-right counterprotest. After nights of being tear-gassed and terrorized, leaders of the protest were drained and shaken. PL’ers and friends of the Party came to restore the fight, amplifying the demands of the strikers, while proclaiming that the only thing that will stop racist terror is the destruction of capitalism with communist revolution.
Over 100 copies of CHALLENGE were eagerly received by our class siblings. The chanting and response to our speeches show that workers are open to a revolutionary communist line.
Providing this type of leadership doesn’t happen overnight. For over a year, PLers have worked with volunteers who provided clothes in response to a fascist dress code required to get inside, carpooled with friends to Delaney, shared food and legal support to families, and visited incarcerated workers whose families were afraid of retaliation if they visited. While supporting families of incarcerated workers, we have engaged in political discussions, introduced CHALLENGE to many workers, developed friendships, led art demonstrations that connected Delaney to PLP-led tenant and neighborhood organizing, and brought workers at Delaney to connected struggles in the area. All this prior work defined our confidence and boldness.
Bosses’ politicians—Shut down the class struggle
Just like clockwork, as the struggle sharpened, the liberal politicians tried to pacify the crowd. Congressman Rob Menendez, son of a former senator imprisoned for corruption, was the first to come and insist on “inspecting” the concentration camp. Next came Senator Andy Kim and other politicians. Finally, New Jersey Governor Mikie Sherill and Mayor Ras Baraka did their best good cop-bad cop routine, with Sherill siccing the State police onto the working class fighters in preparation for the MAGA racists. Then, Baraka promised to shut down Delaney Hall on a technicality to clean up Sherill’s sloppy response while simultaneously enforcing a curfew to prevent further fightback.
These politicians divert any budding revolutionary energy and action from the working class. Before politicians arrived, workers were organizing and relying on each other to provide aid and fightback against these racist and sexist conditions. The liberal politicians’ role is to win workers away from this type of organizing and towards “lobbying” and using “legal” means to win the struggle. This leaves workers disorganized and co-opted by bosses through these politicians, who claim they want to help. They only deter us from our primary fight, which is to build a working class communist revolution against capitalism and win us to side with them in imperialist war games between the U.S., China, Russia, and junior bosses who capitulate between the three world powers.
Promises of “sending health inspectors” and countless posts on social media of shutting down the camp yet only a few workers have been able to be released. No overall material change has happened to affect not only Black and Brown migrant workers but the whole working class, as we face capitalism in crisis and rising fascism. Fortunately, many workers are seeing through this illusion. As the transfer of Delaney strikers continues, the crowds outside of the concentration camp have not stopped; new waves of strikers are taking the lead. PL’ers continue to forge relationships between migrant workers in Delaney and Black and Latin antiracist workers in Newark.
From the masses to the masses
As communists, we understand our responsibility to bring revolutionary ideas to the masses. But in situations like Delaney, we also understand how we can take leadership from the workers. By withholding our labor from the bosses, which is the most militant thing one can do short of revolution, the workers inside the Delaney concentration camp are showing other workers how to fight back. We salute these workers and ask you to join us in building a mass communist movement to free them and all of the workers from all the cages of capitalism around the world!
Ruling-class historians have segregated the fight against racism and the fight for an egalitarian system, communism. In reality, the two are connected like flesh and bone. Many antiracist struggles were led by, initiated by, or were fought with communists and communist-influenced organizations in the leadership. Many Black fighters were dedicated communists and pro-communists of their time.
In turn, the bosses have used anti-communism as a tool to terrorize and divide antiracist fightback. Regardless of communist affiliation, anyone who fought racism was at risk of being redbaited. Why? 1) The ruling class understands the natural relationship between antiracism and communism, and 2) Multiracial unity threatens the very racist system the bosses “work so hard” to maintain.
The Harlem Rebellion of 1964 shook the United States bosses and resonated around the world as the struggle against racism expanded from the fight against Jim Crow in the South to the cities of the North. Once again the communist movement helped lead and was deeply influenced by the fight against racism in the U.S. This July marks 62 years since the murder of James Powell, a Black youth killed by police — an act that ignited the Harlem Rebellion. It also marks 62 years since the birth of CHALLENGE newspaper (see page 5), founded just one month before the rebellion erupted.
The rebellion, sparked by the cold-blooded kkkop murder of a young Black man, occurred at a moment when the working class around the world was rising up, led by the communist movement centered around the Chinese Communist Party. The fledgling Progressive Labor Movement (PLM), born out of the rise of the working class in China, was also shaped by the Harlem Rebellion. To this day, bosses continue to snuff out the childhoods of Black workers. The most recent and devastating casualty of this racist system is one-year-old Black boy Kohen Wiley — proof that under capitalism, racist police murder will never end until we smash this system for all time and build a communist world. Join the PLP!
KKKops murder teen in cold blood
In July 1964, 15 year-old James Powell was playing with friends on the sidewalk across from his school in the white neighborhood of Yorkville, when a building superintendent sprayed them down with a hose and unleashed a series of racial epithets at the Black children. The school kids ran to the super to get him to stop, and a cop, Thomas Gilligan, watching from across the street came at the group and shot James Powell in front of numerous witnesses.
Immediately about 300 Black students from the school rallied at the site of the murder and confronted the police on the scene demanding Gilligan’s arrest and inspiring the rebellion.
Two days of peaceful protests ensued. But on the third day, a crowd surrounded the police precinct, calling for Gilligan’s arrest, and was met with swinging clubs of the New York Police Department. Rainfall of glass bottles and garbage can lids was thrown by residents from rooftops above. Gunfire broke out after police pushed thousands of demonstrators back a few blocks toward the corner of 125th Street and Lenox Avenue '' (New York’s ‘Night Of Birmingham Horror’ Sparked A Summer Of Riots, WNYC, 7/18/14).
Communist movement sparked Black workers’ rebellions
The rebellion started only weeks after the U.S. had passed the 1964 Civil Rights Act which was Lyndon Johnson’s response to the growing Civil Rights Movement in the South. That movement and the world-wide movement led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was politicizing the working class. The working class in China, had been victimized by the brutality of British, Japanese and U.S. imperialism. The history of imperialism was inseparable from the racist theories of the British ruling class. The victory of the working class in China inspired workers all over the world to rise up against imperialism and sharpened the struggle against racism. In Vietnam, the working class was in the process of defeating the largest imperialist power the world had ever seen, the war machine of the U.S. bosses. In the U.S., even as legal segregation and racism was being brought down in the South, Black workers in the North were taking on the embedded racism of liberal capitalism.
The overwhelming majority of Black New Yorkers saw their quality of life decline, whether it’s school segregation, housing segregation, unemployment, earnings… [in the] period between the end of World War II and the 1964 riot… “This was Northern racism, which was quite different from Southern racism, in that Northern racism was covert,” says Joseph Boskin, history professor emeritus at Boston University.
Racism is the lifeblood of capitalism
Boskin, who conducted interviews in Harlem after the [rebellion], says the unmet expectations of Black Americans in the North were starting to push some of them toward more militant routes for change, despite a national narrative of what seemed to be progress in the country’s laws” (WNYC 7/18/14).
The Progressive Labor Movement (PLM), the young forerunner to Progressive Labor Party (PLP), grew out of the rebellion and played a leading role at the same time. PLM produced a poster, ‘Wanted for Murder—Gilligan the Cop” that became the banner of the struggle carried by thousands of people in the streets. The PLM organized marches and rallies even after the New York City bosses tried to ban all political activity.
The ruling class in New York, who thought of themselves as the “decent” bosses compared to the Jim Crow Southern capitalists, were caught off-guard by the anger of Black workers in Harlem who suffered under extreme inequality.
The Harlem median family income was $3,995 compared to …$6,100 [for all NYC], unemployment in Harlem was 300% higher than in the rest of the city, substandard housing was 49% [of all housing] while in the rest of NYC it was 15%, infant mortality was 45.3 per 1000 births but only 26.3 in the rest of the city…Life magazine lamented that “the only force that had the guts to give political direction to the spontaneous rebellion was PL” (Progressive Labor, Vol. 10, No. 1, August-September 1975).
The Harlem Rebellion exposed racism as part of capitalism, even in the U.S.’s most liberal center, NYC. After Harlem, within weeks, rebellions broke out in Rochester, Jersey City, Chicago and Philadelphia and over the next few years there were major rebellions in Watts (1965), Newark (1967) and Detroit (1967). Then in 1968, after Martin Luther King was assassinated, rebellions broke out in cities across the country, and workers and students around the world, most notably in France and Chicago rebelled, and shook capitalism.
Liberal rulers unleash racist attacks, bury antiracist history
The ruling class has tried to write off the rebellions by calling them riots and dismissing the contribution and courage of the tens of thousands of Black workers who were part of the movement. But even now, 60 years later, the truth of the Harlem Rebellion has not been erased.
Part of the confusion is that in the North, many of the laws were not openly discriminatory.That made it harder to seize the moral high ground and argue that nonviolent civil disobedience was justified.
So, growing frustrations found an outlet on the streets, according to Billy Mitchell, historian of Harlem’s Apollo Theater. “It wasn’t just people just wild n’ out, you know, and just going crazy. They understood what they were doing,”… Looking back, Mitchell says he doesn’t completely condone the violent response. But he says it was necessary. “Sometimes you have got to really do something extraordinary or uncommon to get the attention of people,” he adds.(In the Heat of the summer: The Harlem Riot of 1964 and the Road to America’s Prison Crisis).
The U.S. ruling class responded to the mass demonstrations and anti-imperialist movements with both terror and political crumbs. Police and soldiers fired on and killed civil rights demonstrators and students fighting racism and war in Orangeburg, SC, Jackson State, MS and Kent State, OH.
Combined with the brutal attacks, the ruling class enacted a series of reforms in cities with concentrations of Black workers. Lyndon Johnson launched the War on Poverty funneling millions of dollars to create community programs. The Democratic Party and northern capitalists spent millions getting Black mayors elected across the country.
At the same time, the FBI revved up its Cointelpro Program. It was a covert operation to target the PLP and other groups to try to destroy the anti-imperialist movement. Leaders of PLP were arrested and some were convicted and jailed, others harassed and fired. Through those struggles and in the years since we’ve tried to keep up the fight against racism and build an integrated organization.
Black workers key to communist revolution
As we evaluate and develop a better understanding of historical materialism, we see clearly that Black workers, who have borne the brunt of racism and led the fight against it, must be in the leadership of any working-class struggle and movement for communism. There will be no forward progress for the working class without the leadership of Black workers and a massive struggle against racism.
STATE OF MEXICO, JUNE 1— On June 1st the National Coordinator of Education Workers (CNTE) launched a National Strike demanding the repeal of the education reform and the Law of the Social Security and Services Institute for State Workers (ISSSTE). Members and friends of the Progressive Labor Party (PLP) have joined their marches and blockades, where they have distributed around 600 flyers. We also organized a meeting with 15 residents from the eastern zone of the Valley of Mexico to explain the demands and ask for their solidarity with the strike. This week we will hold a meeting with teachers from an industrial zone with the same goal. The following is the text of the flyer.
Total support for the National Teachers’ strike!
The struggle of the women and men teachers of the CNTE is our struggle. Many sectors of us suffer injustice, oppression, racism and exploitation under this capitalist system we live in. The working class as a whole, and students too, must join the CNTE work stoppage and turn it into a general strike against capitalism.
Blocking the FIFA World Cup from taking place in Mexico is a strategy of struggle and political pressure to force Claudia Sheinbaum and the 4th transformation government to repeal the Peña-AMLO-Sheinbaum Education Reform, scrap the damaging 2007 ISSSTE Law, and grant a fair wage increase.
“4T” refers to the “Cuarta Transformación” or Fourth Transformation, the political project of former president Andrés Manuel López Obrador, continued under his successor Claudia Sheinbaum.]
To fight the privatization of education — which affects millions of students, parents, and the general public — we need to fight the repeal of the Education Reform imposed by imperialist interests and pushed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) through the governments of Peña Nieto, López Obrador, and Claudia Sheinbaum.
Crooked bosses chip away at retirement accounts
The 2007 ISSSTE Law is another blow to the labor, union, and basic livelihood rights of education workers and other sectors covered by ISSSTE. Its main purpose is to benefit the capitalist owners of the national and international banks that control the Afores.
Afores — Administradoras de Fondos para el Retiro — are private financial firms that manage individual retirement savings accounts. Mexico shifted to this privatized pension system in 1997, moving away from a public defined-benefit model. This system enriches the financial sector bosses at workers’ expense.
With that law, the employer class eliminated retirement rights, forcing workers into a Voluntary Retirement system of Individual Accounts managed by private banks. The financial groups XXI Banorte (now owner of Estadio Az-teca), Citibanamex, SURA, Inbursa, Afore Azteca, and Coppel manage 7.1 trillion pesos belonging to 69 million workers. In recent months alone, these firms raked in profits of 4 billion, 72 million pesos — while workers have been denied the right to a dignified retirement.
Neoliberal reforms have only served to make the capitalists richer and the working class poorer. In this struggle waged by education workers, we see capitalism’s true face — and the role that governments, whoever is in power, play as its servants.
Ruling class ramps up fascist attacks
Faced with the teachers’ peaceful protests, the fascist response of Sheinbaum and the 4T government has been police repression by the Mexico City government and para-military attacks like those that took place in Mitla.
The capitalist media fills the airwaves with racist lies against education workers, trying to hide the sharp class struggle that the teachers’ movement has waged for decades against capitalist oppression — a struggle not only for those in education, but for the entire working class.
The decline of U.S. imperialism and the rise of China as a new imperialist power will generate deep capitalist contradictions driven by the ambition to dominate the world, producing local and regional wars and the possibility of a Third World War — where the working class will keep paying the criminal price.
That is why our fundamental struggle must be the destruction of this capitalist system and the establishment of communism, where working men and women will work together for the good of the community. Join the International Communist PLP to make this goal a reality.
Teachers, listen up — the PLP is in your struggle!
Teachers, listen up — communism is your struggle!
CHICAGO, June 11–Class struggle between hospital workers and the racist capitalist bosses here in Chicago is on the rise! Members of the international communist Progressive Labor Party (PLP) joined close to 100 workers, union organizers, and community allies for a one-day picket today at St. Mary of Nazareth Hospital to support the fight and spread communist politics.
The nurses here at St. Mary have been organizing to form a union to fight back against worsening conditions for staff and patients alike, made worse after the hospital was bought by California-based Prime Healthcare a little over a year ago. Tensions have reached a boiling point after six nurses were fired last month for their efforts in organizing the union, spurring today’s one-day strike (Block Club Chicago, 6/11).
The pathetic retaliation on the part of the bosses has only added fuel to the fire. As revolutionary communists, we are committed not only to show up in solidarity with the picket but to expose how this rotten profit system can NEVER fundamentally meet our needs as workers! By building the mass PLP through our participation in these fights, we can get closer to the worker-run communist future that we truly need.
On the front lines against capitalist oppression
Our comrades arrived at the picket to meet a lively and multiracial group of workers in front of the hospital. It was immediately clear that women, particular Black, Latin and Asian women workers were in leadership of the campaign. Most of the workers were eager to take a copy of the CHALLENGE newspaper, particularly with the front-page headline “POWER TO THE WORKERS!” As we distributed the issue, we took the opportunity to discuss the front-page article about the recent NIPSCO lockout, connecting that fight to this struggle and battles against capitalist exploitation everywhere (see CHALLENGE 06/17).
The nurses were ready to share their experiences and passion too. Practically everyone we talked to had horror stories about how Prime was attacking them, their patients and their families through poor staffing, failing to replace necessary equipment, and cutting charity benefits for lower-income patients. They all understood that if they didn’t organize to fight back, the attacks would just keep on coming.
Through heightened moments of class struggle like union campaigns and strikes, the nature of capitalism is exposed more clearly to our class. The bosses take the mask off to show the extremes they are willing to go to protect their profits and power, including firings and using repressive state forces like police to intimidate and attack us workers. But these strikes are also schools for communism, where our class learns of our own power and collectivity and how we don’t need the bosses! Having the mass PLP in more of these kinds of struggles everywhere is key to reinforcing that truth and building real worker power through a fighting party.
It’s not just Prime, it’s capitalism
Although Prime Healthcare is making waves as a particularly abusive corporation, the awful conditions of healthcare and worker health under capitalism run far deeper than any one bad actor. Like everything under this system, healthcare is treated like a commodity to sell and make the bosses profits. The bosses are only interested in our health so far as we can keep showing up to work each day and keep the system running. As such, we suffer from many preventable diseases, and the racist inequality baked into the system makes sure that Black and Brown workers suffer the worst.
Organizing into a union is one of the most obvious ways for workers to fight back under capitalism, but they are hardly enough. Most often, unions exist as a means for us to negotiate the terms of our exploitation with the bosses, while keeping the overall structure of capitalism safely intact. What’s more, the misleaders who run the largest unions push passivity and voting down our throats, lining us up behind the same capitalist politicians who are responsible for the miserable conditions we deal with today.
Communism represents the path for our class to secure our healthiest existence possible. In past revolutions in the Soviet Union and China, the working class under communist leadership was able to secure radical gains in life expectancy, maternal and public health, and mental wellbeing. PLP fights to build upon that legacy by rebuilding a mass international revolutionary movement and a society freed from the chains of profit, exploitation, and class inequality.
Communism means workers’ power
We salute the bold nurses of St. Mary as they continue their important struggle. Our plan in PLP is to continue supporting and organizing our class while deepening our personal connections to win the masses to communism and our Party. Workers make society go, so we should be in charge of it! Down with the bosses and capitalism – all power to the working class!
